Assuming you did read the fine realurl manual and have done everything mentioned there, your errors probably originate from an outdated realurl pathcache. You can turn off realurl to confirm this.

If realurl is causing the errors, use your favorite (my)sql client and delete the contents of the tx_realurl_pathcache table:

DELETE FROM tx_realurl_pathcache;

This should allow you to have mount points with nice, SEO-friendly URLs across multiple domains.

Edit: If you don’t want to mess with the database, see the fine manual for ways to disable and clear the cache.

tmp.templateFile = COA
tmp.templateFile {
	10 = COA
	10 {
		if.isFalse.numRows < styles.content.getRight
		10 = FILE
		10 {
			file = fileadmin/template/1col.html
		}
	}
	20 = COA
	20 {
		if.isTrue.numRows < styles.content.getRight
		10 = FILE
		10 {
			file = fileadmin/template/2col.html
		}
	}
}

The ifs check if there is or isn’t content in the right column and the COA returns the correct cObject, FILE in this case.

And then in your main typoscript something like:

page.10.template < tmp.templateFile

instead of the more usual

page {
	10 = TEMPLATE
	10 {
		template = FILE
		template {
			file = fileadmin/template/1col.html
		}
	}
}

That’s all.

# Add a float if we have content in column 2
foo = COA
foo {
	wrap = <div>|</div>
	200 = CONTENT
	200 {
		table = tt_content
		select {
			where = colPos = 2
			orderBy = sorting
		}
	}
	# conditional to test if content exists in column
	if.isTrue.numRows {
		# check current page page
		pidInList = this
		# in the table tt_content
		table = tt_content
		# colPos = 2 (right)
		select.where = colPos=2
	}
}

This example shows a very simple flexible template using a float.

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temp.foo = RECORDS
temp.foo {
	tables = tt_content
	source = ID # Enter the object's ID here
}

That’s all.
You can also do this with all kind of plugins, many of them offer some kind of temp.foo < plugin.tx_extension_pi1 mechanism. It’s usually documented in the extension manual.

In the backend, go into the Web->Page view. Click on the small world icon in the tree view (the second column). Click on New. The main column will give you a few choices, you want to create a Page (inside).

After that you will see the page information for your new page in the main column at the right. Uncheck the Hide page box. Fill in some Pagetitle, I like to call my first page siteroot for various reasons I won’t be going into right now. That’s it, click on the save & close icon (a floppy with an x). Great! You have created your first page.

The new page should appear in the tree view (click on the small plus next to the world icon). Then click on your new page, this time click on the name, not the icon. The main colum will show various columns for page content. Click on Create page content of the column Normal. Now you get a list of possible content elements, for now take a Regular text element.

Ok, now it’s time to fill your text content element with some text. In 4.2 you need to click on the Text tab, and the visual editor opens. Just type some random text in there. Click on save & close. That’s it! You have created your first content!

This was all easy I hope. Now comes the harder part of Typo3, working with templates. I’ll take a simplistic approach. I use it in real life as well, but many people prefer using lots of markers or TemplaVoila. Ok, let’s go to the Web->Template section of the main navigation to the left. When you click on the link you should see the option Create template file for a new site. Choose that. If you don’t see it you may not be viewing the template for your first page but for the site.

Typo3 will ask you if you are sure you want to do this, and you’ll tell it ‘Hell yeah!’. You probably are in the Constant Editor now. Select Info/Modify from the dropdown menu. Then click on Click here to edit whole template record.

Here, you see some form fields. One of the is labeled Setup. Delete it’s useless content and paste this code into it:

page = PAGE
page {
	10 = HMENU
	10 {
		# Throw in some primitive navigation
		# This is the first level
		1 = TMENU
  		1 {
        		expAll = 1
        		wrap = <ul>|</ul>
       			NO = 1
        		NO {
        			wrapItemAndSub = <li>|</li>
        		}
        	}
		# Copy the first level to display a maximum of three levels
        	2 < .1
        	3 < .1
	}
 
	# Insert the content from the Normal column
	20 = CONTENT
	20 {
		table = tt_content
		select {
			where = colPos = 0
			orderBy = sorting
		}
	}
}

Then click on the Includes tab. There’s an select field labeled Include static (from extensions): that contains an entry CSS Styled Content (css_styled_content). Click on that entry.

That’s it, save your template! You can go to your site main URL now (not the backend) and see your first content page. One final note before you proceed: When you create new pages, make them all subpages of your first page. You should change your first page to be a shortcut to a page one level deeper that will act as your homepage.

Your next steps should be to read the docs at typo3.org, TSref and the wiki. There’s a lot more to learn.

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foo = HMENU
foo {
	# I use this because I like to have one root page
	# that links to the first content page. All my
	# level 1 Pages are subpages of that page.
	entryLevel = 1
	# define the first level
	1 = TMENU
	1 {
		wrap = <ul>|</ul>
		# Normal Style
		NO = 1
		NO {
			wrapItemAndSub = <li>|</li>
		}
		# Style, if menu page is current page
		CUR = 1
		CUR {
			wrapItemAndSub = <li>|</li>
			ATagParams= class="cur"
		}
	}
	# Define one more level, create a copy of level 1
	2 < .1
	# add as many more levels as you need
	# 3 < .1 etc.
}

Replace foo with whatever marker or position in your TS array you want. If you want to do anything more fancy, you should really read the fine manual.

But it turned out to be easy, you just need to represent the navigation levels correctly in your HTML. Then apply the CSS formats and you’re done. Here’s one way to configure the vertical navigation for YAML:

foo = HMENU
foo {
    1 = TMENU
    1 {
        expAll = 1
        wrap = <ul>|</ul>
        NO = 1
        NO {
            wrapItemAndSub = <li>|</li>
        }
        CUR = 1
        CUR {
            wrapItemAndSub = <li>|</li>
            ATagParams= id="active"
        }
    }
    2 < .1
    2.wrap = <ul>|</ul>
    3 < .2
    # [...]
}